Flower growers have long been thinking about how to propagate chic roses by the cuttings method. There have been many attempts, but only a few have been successful. About when it is better to make cuttings, as well as what methods exist for growing roses from cuttings, and will be described below.
When is it better to cut roses
The first question that arises before the florist is: when to plant cuttings to get strong, healthy roses.
Did you know? In Japan, an interesting variety of roses "Chameleon". During the day, flowers delight with a bright red tint, and at night they change color to snow-white.
The optimal period is June-July, at the budding phase, when the shoots are only slightly lignified. If the cuttings start earlier, the solid will be unripe. At the next stage, the awakening of the kidneys begins, and all the forces of the plant will go to their development, and not to the formation of the root system.
In addition, in the summer, roses take root faster and grow rapidly.
In some varieties, the root system takes too long to form, and it seems that development does not occur. Such seedlings can "sleep" for months. For these roses, the optimum time for vegetative propagation is autumn.
Some gardeners advise cutting in the fall, after pruning. This is explained simply: the plant prepares for a dormant period and accumulates nutrients to the maximum.
How to cut rose cuttings
When preparing the material adhere to such rules:
- the original plant must be strong and healthy;
- the stem from which the material for grafting is taken should not be more than 0.5 mm, the ideal option is the middle part of the shoot;
- stems are trimmed 15–25 cm long.
Slices are done carefully - with a garden pruner or with sharp scissors.
Important! To prevent infection, it is advisable to treat the instrument with an antiseptic.
The lower part of the scion is cut at an angle of 45 ° between a pair of leaves, and the upper part is 90 ° (that is, without a slope), no higher than 8–10 mm from the last sheet.
All thorns and almost all leaves are removed from the handle, only 2-3 of the top leaves are left.
In order to sprout faster, they are soaked for a day in a biologically active substance. As a stimulant, you can use natural preparations: aloe juice or natural honey diluted in water (a teaspoon in a glass of water). After treatment with stimulants, scions are washed with clean water.
Methods of rooting cuttings
There are several tricks that are used for grafting rose cuttings.
In the package
One of the most affordable ways. The lower part of the stems is placed in plastic bags into which a substrate or moistened sphagnum moss was previously poured. For hydration, it is advisable to use aloe juice diluted with water (concentration - 1: 9).
The bag is inflated, tied tightly and hung on a balcony or window. The process of root nucleation is easily explained: a warm and humid microclimate is formed inside the package, which promotes root formation.
The root system will begin to develop in a month. After this, roses can be planted.
Potato rooting
To use this original method, prepared cuttings and young potatoes are taken, from which the eyes are removed.
In a lighted area (it is desirable that it be protected from the wind), a ditch 15 cm deep is dug, in which sand is poured with a layer of 5 cm. Cuttings are stuck in potatoes and planted at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Scions above are covered with glass containers.
Important! Potatoes contain many useful substances (simple carbohydrates, including powdery ones) and are a good breeding ground for scions, therefore, seedlings do not need to be additionally fed.
In the future, the stems are regularly watered and fed with sugar water every 5–7 days. To do this, prepare syrup - 2 teaspoons per glass of water.
After 12-14 days, the containers are removed for a short time, and after another 2 weeks removed for good.
In the ground
You can root the seedling directly on the site, having prepared for this soil mixture, consisting of large river sand and nutrient land. The temperature in the street should be + 23 ... + 26 ° C during the day and + 17 ... + 20 ° C at night.
Pits are prepared for planting, which are treated with a concentrated composition of potassium permanganate. The stems at an angle of 45 ° are dug into the holes so that the lower anlage is in the ground. Then the soil is watered, and the rose is covered with a glass jar on top.
After 13-14 days, every day for some time the shelter is raised, and after a couple of weeks completely removed.
After 25-30 days, the cuttings will take root, and a new shoot will form from the kidney. By autumn, they will grow to 30–40 cm.
Important! If buds appear on young shoots, they must be pinched so that the immature rose does not spend energy on flowering, but strengthens its root system.
In autumn, young plants should be dug up with an earthen lump and left for storage in a cool room.
- The described method has its advantages:
- space saving;
- grown roses are planted with an earthen lump, which allows you to save the root system;
- the absence of roots is determined by the color of the handle - it turns black.
In water
This is the easiest trick. For each cutlery, a small container is prepared - the size of a glass. First, it is filled into 2/3 of the settled (but not boiled) water, and then the stem is placed there. A root can be added to the water.
The container is placed in a warm place, avoiding direct sunlight. As the water evaporates, fresh water is added. It is not recommended to completely change the water, even if it changes color.
Within 30 days, the roots will appear on the handle. If they do not appear, planting material is thrown away.
It is possible to transfer a rose to the soil only after the roots have grown to a size of 2-3 cm.
- The advantages of this method:
- each stalk has its own capacity, and nutrition from the solution is more affordable;
- in clear water it is easier to control root growth;
- cuttings when planting in the ground take root better.
Did you know? If you cross two fragrant roses, you get a hybrid either without a fragrance or with a faint smell.
Common mistakes
Most often, inexperienced gardeners when cutting roses do not get the desired result.
And this situation may occur due to errors that are made when rooting:
- Unripe buds on the handle. If a bud is barely visible when the leaf is removed in the bosom, such a seedling is unlikely to take root. You should choose a material on which the kidneys look like dense grains.
- Too thick fit. If you place the cuttings at a short distance, there is a threat of their decay. It is better to arrange the seedlings so that they do not come into contact with each other or with shelter.
- Wrong material selection. Some are trying to root roses that have come to us from other regions. The result is unattainable due to the fact that the flowers are treated with drugs to extend the shelf life, that is, as a result we get a stalk that cannot be revived.
The choice of the technique for grafting roses does not depend on the desire of the grower, but on the growing conditions and varieties. But with confidence we can say that, following the recommendations of specialists, in almost any case, you can get decorative plants that will transform your garden.
