Oriental gardens attract with their mystery and beauty. Simple and at the same time original tricks allow you to create a cozy, pacifying corner on the site.

Varieties of Oriental Style

In the Japanese garden, every detail is filled with special meaning. Usually, a site in this style resembles Japan in miniatureat least conveys some of the country's traditions and philosophy. This is a place for relaxation, reflection and meditation, the restoration of physical and mental strength. In addition to traditional bamboo and sakura, evergreen shrubs and trees are often used.

In China, from ancient times, they honor the Feng Shui philosophy, which also draws green areas.

It is important to consider the elements of the elements, the harmony in the arrangement of plants and objects. Must have water and stone. The Chinese garden is intended for self-knowledge, to achieve agreement with oneself. A quiet corner helps to normalize a person’s energy condition.

Mauritania is a country dominated by deserts and semi-deserts.. The symbol of life here is an oasis that provides protection from the scorching sun. A Moorish-style garden is best set up in areas with the correct geometric shape.

The main colors of the Muslim design:

• bright blue;
• white;
• green;
• yellow;
• purple.

The main emphasis is a closed patio with a pool or fountain.

Features of Japanese Gardens

The organization of style was developed during the VIII – XIII centuries. The founders were Buddhist monks.

The formation of style was influenced by many factors:

• religion;
• philosophy;
• architecture;
• painting.

Ornamental gardening was initially considered a privilege of aristocrats, noble samurai. Design art received mass distribution in Japanese society only at the beginning of the 19th century. At the same time, the style began to conquer European gardens.

Did you know? In 1960, the cities of New York, the USA and Tokyo, Japan became twin cities. In honor of the 20th anniversary, the Japanese presented Shogun's lantern with a 500-year history to the American city for the Japanese Garden.

Japanese style elements

It is possible to realize the design on a plot of 1-8 acres: several irregularly shaped platforms are divided. Garden interior items are made of natural material: stone, ceramic or wood.

The main elements of the style:

• a fountain in the form of a bowl;
• boulders and / or small pebbles scattered by a stream;
• paths paved from individual plates, multi-colored, with gaps;
• wooden bridges;
• benches of simple shapes;
• Japanese-style lanterns;
• fences or screens made of bamboo;
• small arbours for tea drinking.

All zones smoothly flow one into another, there are no sharp gaps. Connecting links - plants, home decoration, sculptures, located without observing symmetry, of different sizes, shapes and colors. The color palette consists of soft and warm shades, although bright accents are allowed.

Basic design paints:

• brown;
• Gray;
• white;
• terracotta;
• green.

Suitable plants

About 2700 plant species enter the world of flora of Japan. Many of them are grown in our latitudes.

Perfectly fit into the Japanese style:

• conifers - thuja, juniper, pine, cypress, fir, spruce;
• deciduous trees - maple, alder, cryptomeria, Japanese ash;
• ornamental shrubs - Spirea, rhododendron, girl's grapes;
• fruit trees and bushes - chokeberry aronia, cherry, quince, plum, apple tree;
• deciduous perennials - host, fern, sedge, wild leek;
• flowering perennials - astilbe, peony, clematis, iris, lily of the valley, daylily, chrysanthemum.

Important! In Japanese culture, the number 4 means "death", so in a group planting, you can never plant this number of plants.

Making bonsai

Literally bonsai means "a tree in a pot." Art was born in China, however, it was developed and spread in Japan, and today it is associated with it. Dwarf trees of bizarre forms or ordinary, but in miniature, were popular among all segments of the population. There are still many schools that teach different techniques.

Among the famous trends in garden design, the following styles are distinguished:

To form a bonsai, pruning, grafting and pinching are used. The growth of shoots must be monitored very carefully, because one missed planned haircut will spoil the whole idea.

In order to give the root an unnatural shape, use different objects:

• cargo
• bandage;
• frame;
• a frame;
• a tire;
• wire for fixing.

The fixture on the tree can be for years until the branches and trunk take the desired direction. It is not necessary to use a young plant, in each garden there is a tree that has lost its shape, with a thinned crown.

Radical trimming of the trunk from above, fixing the side branches parallel to the ground - and in a few years the bonsai tree is ready.

Trees and shrubs are suitable for this art:

• coniferous - cypress, juniper, pine, thuja, larch, spruce;
• hardwood - maple, oak, cherry, hawthorn, apple tree.

Chinese style landscape design

The history of the development of gardens in the Middle Kingdom goes back centuries. Back in the 200s BC e. during the reign of the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, an imperial park was created. Here, in addition to Chinese flora and fauna, miniature copies of lakes, mountains, and landscape features of the conquered countries were made.

The universal park was filled with plants and animals from all corners available to the Chinese at that time. By the 5th-6th centuries, parks and gardens were set up everywhere - in the homes of scientists, officials, soldiers and poets, merchants and commoners. One of the traditions that have come down to our times is the combination of stone and water associated with the World Ocean and the World Mountains.

Did you know? One of Beijing’s most popular attractions is Beihai Park. Tourists are amazed by the vast territory, decorated on the basis of legends about the Island of Immortal Taoists, as well as imperial cuisine, which is prepared according to the recipes of the Qin Dynasty.

Rules for registration

In the classical style, the territory is divided into separate zones with different content. From one corner a view of the next section was opened. Reception of the "screen", i.e. the inability to capture the whole picture creates the impression of a space without borders. And in the past, the ancient Chinese used this as a defense against evil spirits.

The main emphasis is water and stones, trees, flowers and shrubs most often grow naturally, occasionally undergoing human intervention. Trimming is carried out as necessary, and not to give certain contours.

The first rule of planning is that all parts must be arranged according to feng shui:

1. South - the territory of love and emotional upsurge. Necessarily the presence of elements of fiery elements (lanterns, especially red).
2. North - career, work ideas and projects. Emphasis on water, stones, the presence of dark colors.
3. Eastern zone personifies science, thinking and learning new things. The emphasis is on plants and wooden elements, on green.
4. West - friendly meetings, warm gatherings. There should be arbors, metal objects, light, white tones.

All paths between the zones and leading to the house are made winding, with distortions, which allows you to eliminate hostile energy. The material for the tracks is gravel, stone, tile.

Important! According to Chinese philosophy, the movement of energy in space is serpentine. Therefore, straight lines are not allowed, they are negative.

Main elements

The main details of the garden:

1. Decorative stone walls inside the garden they serve as a support for plants, complement the composition. On the practical side, they delimit space.
2. Moon gate. An opening or arch to the height of a person reveals the neighboring landscape. It can be made of metal with an openwork pattern, stone or wood.
3. Stones. Ideally, it is advisable to find boulders turned by water for many years, irregularly rounded, oval, holes are welcome. They are located both singly and in a group.
4. Water. A mini-lake, a pond, a stream, a waterfall - everything is welcome. The presence of standing water and moving water is important. Great if there are small fish and aquatic plants.
5. Bridges. Any sizes and shapes: 1-2 steps, straight, curved. The material for the manufacture is stone and wood.
6. Pergolas or pavilions. With a fancy curved roof, without walls, they can be replaced by transparent or translucent curtains. Usually in the center of a body of water or on the beach.
7. Bonsaki - stone garden. The composition is located on a large pallet with sand or fine gravel. From natural materials (stone, sand, wood, bird fluff and feathers) create a mini-landscape, for example, a mountain peak in the clouds.
8. Chinese lanterns. Made of metal, glass, wood, heavy paper. Hieroglyphs are depicted on the faces, the main color is traditionally red.
9. Entrance gate. In the shape of a rectangle, complemented by a patterned roof, painted in brown or red.
10. Sculpture of a lion made of stone. Be sure to pair located at the entrance gate. Their function is to protect the owner from negative energy.

The complex has many different interior items, sculptures and landscape compositions.

Plant selection

In the Chinese garden, there must necessarily be bamboo - a symbol of resilience, pine - the personification of longevity. Among other plants, both flowers and fruit trees, such as peaches or plums, bring joy.

Suitable representatives of the flora:

• jasmine;
• rose flower;
• tulip;
• willow;
• fir;
• magnolia;
• phlox;
• iris;
• water lily;
• lotus.

Moorish gardens

The Moorish style is a prime example of Muslim culture. Its design was influenced by many countries of the ancient East.

The Moorish Garden is a mixture of many cultures, and not only Islamic:

• Persian
• Syrian
• Indian
• Egyptian
• Barbary
• Chinese

The Moorish style in landscape and architecture in the Middle Ages began to spread thanks to Spain. Having conquered the Alhambra, the capital of the Emirate of Granada, the Spaniards integrated eastern traditions into the culture of the Mediterranean.

Important! Sculptures of animals or people, images of faces and figures — taboo for Islam. In the Moorish garden abstract, floral ornaments, ligature are allowed.

Main elements

The classic reception is the installation of a fountain in the center of the plot, from which water flows will be directed in four directions. It must be taken into account that water in the Muslim world is sacred, it cannot be bored thoughtlessly. Therefore, no beating jets, but a quiet murmur of a calm stream.

The immutable attribute in the Moorish garden is the patio in the center near the fountain or near the walls of the house.

There should be a pavilion, best styled as a hut, with opaque curtains. It has furniture that is conducive to relaxation, tea drinking. Luxury and a riot of colors provide bright objects - dishes, sofa cushions, rugs, vases and more.

A spectacular design move - galleries of curly wooden planks entwined with wild grapes, an abundance of arches, openwork partitions. An equally important place is occupied by garden paths. Mosaic of colored tiles, laid out in the manner of oriental ornaments, looks advantageous against the background of green ground cover herbs.

Design Features

The main idea of ​​the design of the garden is the division of the territory into four sections, subordinate to the elements:

• Water;
• Fire;
• Land;
• Air.

Everything here is subject to the correct geometric shapes. Areas resembling open rooms or terraces are clearly delimited, have strict lines. Single plants and small groups are planted in the center of figures paved with colorful tiles. Most often these are angular shapes - squares, rectangles or polygons, less often a circle.

Plants for moorish garden

The oriental garden cannot do without fruit trees (almonds, peaches) and herbs (any moisture-loving ones will do). The vertical reference point is cherry and apricot. Perennial flowers are selected according to the timing of flowering to ensure its continuity. The garden should be fragrant all season.

For each corner there is a list of suitable cultures:

• for a reservoir - lily, water lily, pistia, water hyacinth (eichornia);
• mixborder - lavender, hyacinth, poppy, daffodil;
• lawn - meadow clover, primrose, saxifrage, fescue, bluegrass;
• flower bed with spices - thyme, perilla, hyssop, basil, marjoram;
• framing tracks - flax, marigolds, cornflowers, nimesia.

Be sure to create a rose garden in the Moorish garden. Flowers are chosen carefully, given the height, color, aroma and combination with each other. It is also advisable to choose varieties with different flowering periods.

Did you know? In Muslim culture, a rose is a symbol of beauty and greatness. According to legend, the flower grew in a place where a drop of sweat of the Prophet fell during a walk.

Oriental style can be restrained, concise or saturated with objects and colors. When creating a park in Asian or Arabic design, try to adhere to the basics so as not to get a chaotic pile instead of a harmonious combination.